<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?><?xml-model href="../../schema/tei_all_LOI.rng"?><TEI xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0" xml:lang="en" xml:id="oral_history_awma1_1984-02-08">
   <teiHeader><fileDesc>
         <titleStmt>
            <title type="generated">Winifred Awmack, interviewed by Ruth M. Chambers, 08 February 1984 (2 of 3)</title>
            <respStmt>
               <resp ref="#resp_ivr">Interviewer</resp>
               <persName ref="personography_c.xml#cham15">Ruth M. Chambers</persName>
            </respStmt>
            <respStmt>
               <resp ref="#resp_ive">Interviewee</resp>
               <persName ref="personography_a.xml#awma1">Winifred Awmack</persName>
            </respStmt>
            <respStmt>
               <resp ref="#resp_trc">Transcriber</resp>
               <persName ref="team.xml#land1">Jennifer Landrey</persName>
            </respStmt>
            <respStmt>
               <resp ref="#resp_pfr">Audio Checker</resp>
               <persName ref="team.xml#haye1">Nathaniel Hayes</persName>
            </respStmt>
            
         </titleStmt>
         <publicationStmt><p>See <ref target="terms_of_use.xml">Terms of Use</ref> for publication and licensing information.</p></publicationStmt>
         <sourceDesc>
            <recordingStmt>
               <recording type="audio">
                  <date when="1984-02-08">1984-02-08</date>
                  <equipment>
                     <ab>Sony C-60 and Transonic C-90: 1 1/7 ips, 2 track, mono</ab>
                  </equipment>
                  <media url="https://landscapesofinjustice.uvic.ca/archive/media/oralHistories/oral_history_awma1_1984-02-08.m4a" dur="PT1H43M19S" mimeType="audio/mpeg">
                     <desc>awma1_1984-02-08.m4a</desc>
                     <desc type="length">01:43:19</desc>
                  </media>
               </recording>
            </recordingStmt>
         </sourceDesc>
      </fileDesc><encodingDesc><classDecl><taxonomy copyOf="#loiNavigation" xml:id="loiNavigation"><desc>
                  <term>LOI Navigation Taxonomy</term>
                  <gloss>Taxonomy for site navigation</gloss>
               </desc><category copyOf="#loiCollection" xml:id="loiCollection"><catDesc><term>Collections</term></catDesc><category copyOf="#loiCollectionOralHistories" xml:id="loiCollectionOralHistories" n="2"><catDesc><term>Oral Histories</term></catDesc></category></category></taxonomy><taxonomy copyOf="#loiDocumentTypes" xml:id="loiDocumentTypes"><desc>
                  <term>LOI Document Type Taxonomy</term>
                  <gloss>Taxonomy of document types</gloss>
               </desc><category copyOf="#loiPrimarySource" xml:id="loiPrimarySource"><catDesc><term>Primary Source</term><gloss>A primary source document.</gloss></catDesc><category copyOf="#loiPrimarySourceOralHistory" xml:id="loiPrimarySourceOralHistory"><catDesc><term>Oral History</term></catDesc></category></category></taxonomy><taxonomy copyOf="#loiResponsibility" xml:id="loiResponsibility"><bibl>Responsibility Taxonomy</bibl><category copyOf="#resp_ive" xml:id="resp_ive"><catDesc><term>Interviewee</term><gloss>A person, family or organization responsible for creating or contributing to a resource by responding to an interviewer, usually a reporter, pollster, or some other information gathering agent.</gloss></catDesc></category><category copyOf="#resp_ivr" xml:id="resp_ivr"><catDesc><term>Interviewer</term><gloss>A person, family, or organization responsible for creating or contributing to a resource by acting as an interviewer, reporter, pollster, or some other information gathering agent.</gloss></catDesc></category><!--MDA NOT IN LOC--><category copyOf="#resp_pfr" xml:id="resp_pfr"><catDesc><term>Proofreader</term><gloss>A person who corrects printed matter.</gloss></catDesc></category><category copyOf="#resp_trc" xml:id="resp_trc"><catDesc><term>Transcriber</term><gloss>A person, family, or organization contributing to a resource by changing it from one system of notation to another.</gloss></catDesc></category></taxonomy></classDecl></encodingDesc>
      
      <profileDesc>
         <langUsage>
            <language ident="en-CDN">English - Canadian</language>
         </langUsage>
         <settingDesc>
            <setting>
               <ab>
                  <placeName ref="placeography.xml#vict1">Victoria</placeName>, <placeName ref="placeography.xml#brit1">British Columbia</placeName>
               </ab>
            </setting>
         </settingDesc>
         <abstract>
            <p>In this second interview between <persName ref="personography_c.xml#cham15">Ruth Chambers</persName> and <persName ref="personography_a.xml#awma1">Winifred Awmack</persName>, they cover the same topics that were covered in the first interview because they feared they had lost the first interview. <persName ref="personography_a.xml#awma1">Awmack</persName> again explains how <placeName ref="placeography.xml#tash9">Tashme</placeName> was constructed and how people lived their lives in the camp. She emphasizes the importance of the <orgName ref="orgography.xml#theu1">United</orgName> and <orgName ref="orgography.xml#angl11">Anglican</orgName> Church schools, and their central place in the community for Japanese Canadians. <persName ref="personography_a.xml#awma1">Awmack</persName> reveals the difficulties Japanese Canadians faced in deciding to move east or be exiled to <placeName ref="placeography.xml#japa1">Japan</placeName>, and how the <orgName ref="orgography.xml#cana4">Canadian government</orgName> actively tried to force Japanese Canadians to choose <placeName ref="placeography.xml#japa1">Japan</placeName> over moving east. <persName ref="personography_a.xml#awma1">Awmack</persName> discusses the living situations Japanese Canadians faced on sugar beet farms. She illustrates the cultural differences between her and her students through two events and notes how students attended school at night to earn their education. <persName ref="personography_a.xml#awma1">Awmack</persName> feels this education was important in helping many Japanese Canadians obtain success in their lives with greater careers that may not have been available otherwise. Regarding dispossession, <persName ref="personography_a.xml#awma1">Awmack</persName> once again emphasizes how Japanese Canadians lost their property and had nothing to return to after the internment era, and she expresses how she thinks the <orgName ref="orgography.xml#cana4">Canadian government</orgName> was planning on forcing Japanese Canadians to spread across <placeName ref="placeography.xml#cana1">Canada</placeName> from the beginning. <persName ref="personography_a.xml#awma1">Awmack</persName> notes that Japanese-Canadian women almost always brought sewing machines with them if they owned one because it allowed families to maintain and create clothing.</p>
         	<p>This oral history is from the <orgName ref="orgography.xml#bcar1">British Columbia Archives</orgName> and focuses on the experience of issei (first generation Japanese-Canadians).</p>
         </abstract>
         <textClass>
            <catRef scheme="#loiDocumentTypes" target="#loiPrimarySourceOralHistory"/>
            <catRef scheme="#loiNavigation" target="#loiCollectionOralHistories"/>
            <keywords>
               <list>
                  <item>
                     <placeName ref="placeography.xml#tash9">Tashme</placeName>
                  </item>
                  <item>
                     <orgName ref="orgography.xml#theu1">United Church</orgName>
                  </item>
                  <item>
                     <orgName ref="orgography.xml#angl11">Anglican Church</orgName>
                  </item>
                  <item>education</item>
                  <item>policy</item>
                  <item>agency</item>
                  <item>camp life</item>
                  <item>camp buildings</item>
                  <item>activities</item>
                  <item>religion</item>
                  <item>missionaries</item>
                  <item>food</item>
                  <item>gender</item>
                  <item>letters</item>
                  <item>language barrier</item>
                  <item>scouts</item>
                  <item>exile</item>
                  <item>property</item>
                  <item>camp school</item>
                  <item>race</item>
                  <item>franchise</item>
                  <item>citizenship</item>
                  <item>reunion</item>
               </list>
            </keywords>
         </textClass>
      </profileDesc>
      <revisionDesc>
         <change who="team.xml#take59" when="2020-10-24">Added navigation taxonomy value loiCollectionOralHistories using XSLT.</change>
         <change who="team.xml#take59" when="2019-11-05">Created file from bca_awmack_winifred_1984-02-08.docx.</change>
      </revisionDesc>
   </teiHeader>
   <text prev="oral_history_awma1_1984-02-06.xml" next="oral_history_awma1_1985-02-21.xml">
      <body>
         <div><gap/></div>
      </body>
   </text>
</TEI>